Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Fishing industry Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Fishing industry Вестник Астраханского государственного технического университета. Серия: Рыбное хозяйство 2073-5529 2309-978X 41251 10.24143/2073-5529-2020-4-7-21 ВОДНЫЕ БИОРЕСУРСЫ И ИХ РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ WATER BIORESOURCES AND THEIR RATIONAL USE ВОДНЫЕ БИОРЕСУРСЫ И ИХ РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ LOCALITY OF FORMING WINTERING RIVERBED DEPRESSION IN IRTYSH RIVER ЛОКАЛИТЕТ ФОРМИРУЮЩЕЙСЯ ЗИМОВАЛЬНОЙ ЯМЫ В РЕКЕ ИРТЫШ Чемагин Андрей Александрович Chemagin Andrey Aleksandrovich ChemaginAA@yandex.ru

кандидат биологических наук;кандидат биологических наук;

candidate of sciences in biology;candidate of sciences in biology;

 Тобольская комплексная научная станция Уральского отделения Российской академии наук Тобольск Россия Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Tobolsk Russian Federation 4 7 21 https://vestnik.astu.ru/en/nauka/article/41251/view

С целью рационального использования и эффективной охраны водных биологических ресурсов в местах их концентрации в бассейне р. Иртыш (Западная Сибирь, Российская Федерация) обнаружен и описан локалитет формирующейся зимовальной русловой ямы в зоне размыва перешейка сопряженных меандр реки. Выполнено картирование морфологии дна ямы (рельефная и батиметрическая карты). Максимальные глубины в акватории русловой ямы превышали отметку 27 м. Исследована акватория русловой ямы и 4-х контрольных речных участков. Из анализа результатов гидроакустических съемок следует, что в акватории зимовальной ямы наблюдаются статистически достоверно более высокие плотности рыб, чем на контрольных участках: в акватории ямы средняя плотность рыб составила 4 524 экз./га, на контрольных участках – от 245 до 2 091 экз./га. При кластерном анализе на основе данных о плотности рыб и размерно-таксономическом составе ихтиофауны установлено, что участок русловой ямы выделяется в отдельный кластер, но при этом имеет тенденцию к объединению с контрольным участком № 4, который расположен ниже по течению, где отмечается дальнейший размыв русла реки. В связи с этим минимальная охранная зона зимовальной русловой ямы должна включать в себя акваторию самой русловой ямы и акваторию контрольного участка № 4. В акваториях русловой ямы и контрольных участков в весенний период доминируют карповые рыбы – до 65 % от общего числа рыб, в меньшей степени представлены окуневые – 36,76 %, сиговые и щуковые – до 18,18 %, осетровые – до 9,31 %. Данный локалитет зимовальной русловой ямы необходимо внести в перечень речных участков, охраняемых Правилами рыболовства для Западно-Сибирского рыбохозяйственного бассейна, в целях разработки эффективной стратегии охраны, восстановления и рационального использования водных биологических ресурсов, в том числе редких и исчезающих видов рыб р. Иртыш и всего Обь-Иртышского бассейна в целом.

The article describes a new locality of the formed wintering riverbed depression discovered in the erosion zone of the isthmus of conjugate meanders of the Irtysh river for the rational use and effective protection of aquatic biological resources in places of their concentration in the Irtysh river basin (Western Siberia, the Russian Federation. The morphology of the riverbed depression was mapped (relief and bathymetric maps). The maximum depths in the channel depression exceeded 27 m. The channel depression and 4 control river sections were studied. The analysis of hydroacoustic surveys showed that in the wintering riverbed depression there is, according to the statistical data, higher fish density compared to the control areas: in the water area of the riverbed depression the average fish density made 4 524 species/ha, in the control sections 245-2091 sp./ha. The cluster analysis based on the fish density and the size-taxonomic composition of the ichthyofauna has revealed that the riverbed depression is being separated into a cluster, but at the same time goes to the control section No. 4, which is located downstream, where further erosion of the river channel is registered. In this regard, the minimum protection zone of the wintering channel depression should include the water area of the channel depression and the water area of control section No. 4. In the water areas of the riverbed depression and control sections in the spring period, cyprinids dominate - up to 65% of the total number of fish, percids are represented to a lesser extent - 36.76%, coregonids and pikes - up to 18.18, sturgeons - up to 9.31%. The given locality of the wintering riverbed depression must be included in the list of protected river sections of the Fishing Rules for the West Siberian fishery basin for developing the effective strategy for the protection, restoration and rational use of aquatic biological resources, including rare and endangered fish species of the Irtysh River and the whole Ob-Irtysh basin

 русловая яма акватория временно ограниченный биотоп скопления рыб Acipenseridae карповые окуневые щуковые и сиговые riverbed depression water area temporarily limited biotope fish aggregations Acipenseridae Cyprinidae Perca pikes Coregonids

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